Sustainable energy future depends on new infrastructure development and equipment, requiring even more energy during the transition phase.

The existing energy landscape relies heavily on large-scale extraction of fossil fuels and intricate supply chains for transportation and distribution. As an example – coal, being gradually replaced in some countries for power generation,

continues to play a crucial role in iron and steel production until newer technologies are available.

Recent global energy crises, fuelled by geopolitical conflicts, have highlighted the importance of uninterrupted and affordable energy supply for economies, households, and industries.